Supply Chain Management Case Study: Walmart

put stunned grasp c be Case Study Walmart1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVESThe aim of this hunt is to run across the turn in concatenation centering What be the heart and souls of SCM ? In shape to discern the aim of this seduce the objectives argonLearn real much some lend cooking stove caution ( Origins)The needs of proviso Chain Management for the OrganisationsThe Benefits of Doing SoThe Objectives and the fundamental atoms of SCMExamine park filth cases to find the current issuesAnd for finish appraise the improvments accordings to the contri only whenion to the results wanted.1.3 INFORMATION SOURCESBoth secondary and primary data will be discussed in this dissertation Information utilise will substantiate the latest data and statistics according to exploreed literary works and on tie data from various articles, journals, pertlyspapers , one-year reportsSecondly, after revising the collected secondary data and formulating the current issues and problems I will include graphs and answers from my get personal sources that were collected threw bulge out every last(predicate) the work .Thirdly, I will explain the primary and write a raillery followed by the summary of main findings and completed with completion.1.5 THE SCOPE AND restriction OF THE STUDYcurrent research is limited by the fact that is it quite un parall(a)elly for companies to provide data link to our business and strategies plans.For this reasons, although my interviews answer was brief, i tried to summarize my research by taking some normal answer tie in to this case i mean Organisation strategies prove in the internet.DISERTATION STRUCTUREFollowing the introduction of the problem, aims, objectives and method of the deep research ,the chapters will structured asChapter two will provide tuition from the literature review as from scripted published journals , books, web berths and other work that have been already discussed by other authors It will give sm only u nderstanding ply Chain Management, the needs for SCM The benefits for doing so the fundamentals elements of SCM and the keep down forth mountain range Management issues.this chapter will have good presentation on latest events related to SCMChapter three , which gives the customary idea and introduction to Supply Chain Management and its historic developmentChapter four examines The Supply Chain Mangament structure growth The Key components I mean the fundamenals elementsChapter fiveExamines the issues in SCM by discussing problems and usable positive changes in regularise to identify solutions by later discussion and evaluation of the current progress and future plans in improving SCM conditions..Chapter sixeris a General introduction to Wal mart with his Supply ambit explained, order to implement everything I say and quote in my previous research.Chapter sevener summarize on the topic from the discussion of chapter six and drawing conclusion motifd upon the informatio n in previous chapters.Chapter eight final pull up stakes of work will include the list of most lots used referencesCHAPTER 11.1.1 Introduction to Supply Chain ManagementThis chapter will be an introduction the Supply Chain Manageent and its principles as it is important to understand the background knowledge of the ara in order to discuss its current situation.Lets go to the simple eye of logistics and its evolution to the fantasy of Supply Chain Management. Although b avenuely defined in some dictionaries.The definition of the CNL (Council of Logistics Management) differs s imperfectly Logistics is that part of the bestow chain transition that plans , implement and controls the efficient , hard-hitting flow and storage of goods, services and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet guests requirements.Logistics has its origins in the armies. Its presented successively as part of military trading operations that the group which coherent in arms champagne live, move and represent in the best conditions of efficiency to become the argona is by all problems relating to tote up of all natures, in their delivery and for their distri furtherion done base and transit operations. tally to Chopra, Sunil and Peter Meindl(2004).Supply Chain Consist of allparties involved, direct or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request. The Supply Chain non only includes the manufacturer and suppliers, but organization, such as manufacturer, the provide chain includes all functions involved in receiving and filling a customer request.Theese functionsinclude, but ar non limited to, bare-ass product development, marketing, operations, distribution, finance and customer service.CHAPTER IILITERATURE REVIEW2.1 INTRODUCTIONThis literature review is written nearly Supply Chain Management. The research for this piece of work is establish on how organizations put into operation an effective Supply Chain Management. end-to-end this literature review, i will demonstrate knowledge of Supply Chain Management Explain the need to manage a Supply Chain Management and describe the benefit of doing so. I will excessively manifestation at the objectives and list fundamental elements of Supply Chain Management and examinate accomplishable issues on Supply Chain Management.Information about this piece of work are collected from various sources such as books and online journals Modules lectures listed afterRonald H. Ballou in Business logistics/ preparation chain concern 5th edMartin Christopher logistics and supply chain management 3rd edGerard Baglin management industriel et logistique 4th edA case study of Ceramic HG.Willian. J. Stevenson Operation Management Donald amnionic fluid Supply Chain Management an introduction to Logistics 2nd edKey courseSupply Chain ManagementThe context of continuous evolution is still more than advance level of competition, the success of an enterprise is not only the management of core activities but in give care manner depends on races and supply management. Thus, upstream and downriver of the SCM, a comp both needs to manage relationships with customers and suppliers. Ordinarily, the increasing trend of outsourcing maintains this requirement.The Supply chain is the organization that provides(in kind-hearted beings, organizations ). SCM (Supply Chain Management) is in charge for organizing the supply by the managing of flows in the context of the compevery. The basic principle of SCM is that gets a worsened result by optimizing every element of the chain, quite than optimizing the overall chain (the sum of the optima of separately element of the chain is less than the global optimal )A product is never do th primitiveout by the equal company. Many suppliers, intermediates and subcontractors implicated in different phases of product realization. Traditionally, communication surrounded by stakeholders is minimized. To fasten haza rds, each form of stocks more or less important, expensive( Gerard Baglin 2005)The slightest misapprehension restraints the flow and interrupts the chain which is penalized. Supply Chain Management wants to ensure the overall fluidity while ensuring greater flexibility. It provides the shift from production-oriented product to a customer-centric-production(Olivier Bruel 2005 ).The shoot for Supply Chain ManagementThe essence of supply chain is to maximize comfort and reduce total salute across the entire traffic run with focusing on speed and the certainty of solvent to the market (Tom McGuffog). Since companies rectifys toward virtual, real- period organizational structures, a new set of Supply Chain Management capabilities will come into sight, and that permits the user to react chop-chop to the market demand. Due to globalisation, Supply Chain Management has turn out to be a means for companies to compete efficiently at topical anesthetic as well as global scale. It b ecame a fundamental element for companies, especially when it comes to deliver services at a competitive cost and high quality. Now twenty-four hour periods, product and services have no value unless they are in the possession of the customer when (time) and where ( stain) they wish to consume them Ronald H. Ballou (1999 p13) . harmonise to William.J. Stevenson( 2008 ) the needs for Supply Chain Management are these sidelines ?Developing operationsIncreasing levels of outsourcingIncreasing transportation costsCompetitive pressuresIncreasing globalizationIncreasing importance of e-commerceComplexity of supply chainsManaging inventoriesAs ensure before, Supply chain management creates an efficient and integrated company. It plays considerable roles when it comes to decline of costs and time by channelizing the products into appropriate distribution channels in order to enable the goods to reach the end consumers on time.Those above are not the only benefit of supply chain managem ent. William J. Stevenson identified benefits of SCM as followLower inventoriesHigher productivityGreater agilityShorter slip by timesHigher profitsGreater customer loyaltyIntegrates secern organizations into a cohesive in operation(p) system.Elements of Supply Chain Management at that place are three types of Supply Chain Management elements, namelystrategicTacticalOperationalIssues on Supply Chain Management consort to TMG ( Transportation Management Group Inc ) article published the 24 Jan-2000.Nowa solar days, the Supply Chain Management solid ground, companies are required to focus on evolution the necessary capabilities to address key business issues. Getting product from the vendor to the shelf to fulfil consumer demand has been identified as one of the censorious business issues. To address this issue, organizations essential center on building a flow management capability. As an initiative to support this capability, companies need to optimise their distribution n etwork to enable merchandise flow.This optimized distribution network must also support key changes associated with the new merchandise flow strategies. The optimized distribution network must support product assortments, order practices, rehabilitation methods, replenishment quantities, increase in imports if applicable, and new store formats that will require stores operating at much lower inventory levels than today.A preliminary analysis of endureing Supply Chain Operating models indicate that there are significant opportunities to rationalize current distribution center networks by exploring new flow path options. These alternatives are driven by many factors. The following are high level attributes and the issues that must be addressed with each of them.The mains issues on Supply Chain Management retained are these followings node DemandsCost IssuesConsolidation/PartneringGlobalizationTechnologyGovernment Regulatory Agenciesthroughout my research we will detail each of them .1.1 Supply Chain ManagementSupply Chain Management, SCM, defines the control of the supply chain from the first supplier to end customer.Supply Chain Management aims to assess as accurately as the needs, availability and capa urban center of each link in the supply chain and manufacturing, to better synchronize and serve customers in the best feasible conditions.Basically we can conclude that the SCM Supply Chain Management helps improve the flow and time while controlling costs.http//rmdonovan.web6.hubspot.com/Portals/61797/ movies/image002.gifAccording to 2011 R. Michael Donovan Co plan SC-2The standard manufacturing supply chain shows the traditional flow of information and materials to and from the customers and the suppliers through the company. The passagees within the supply chain typically have a tender correlation to the traditional silo organizational functions within a manufacturing company, including sales, engineering, manufacturing, distribution, and accounting. The business march flows across an organization, but communication, accountability, and reward systems flow vertically. This organizational and process contradiction often impedes supply chain effectiveness.( Hanfield,2002, p.9) that supply chain can show in two angles, internal one for the company and external for the supplier .A supplier for this company has his own set of suppliers that provide input. Supply Chain are essentially a series of linked suppliers and customers until products reach the eventual(prenominal) customer.In the world Supply Chain Management, we have three actors line the first word is Supply the second one Chain and the terzetto one Management.Definition of ManagementThe fact is that different supply chain in every day world exist wether they are managed or not. If one of the organization will actively implement any of supply chain management concepts explained further on in the thesis, the supply chain as a phenomenon of business will still exist but will probably not act in a rational, incorporated way.Supply chain management therefore requires active management efforts by the brasss within the supply chain.What is an organisation? Lipovec 1987, p35) defines organization as the composition of relationships surrounded by deal, who by relationships become subdivisions of a form social unit.Organisation ensure the existence and specific characteristics of the social unit and rational achievement of goals.According to Rozman(2000, p15) there are 3 process in a organisation assuring rational achievement of goals organization process, coordination process, and decision making process.The organisational process are defined as goal oriented processes of ensuring the rationalityThe elan Spain Was by Neruda AnalysisThe Way Spain Was by Neruda AnalysisThe Way Spain Was is in the poetic collection Third Residence, which Neruda had written when he was a member of the Communist Party of the chile. He is very much concerned about the c ommon people of the institute. Although his mind is burdened with seething social issues, he spoke as simply as possible to communicate his sentiments to the public. He recounts with passion the repeated suffering recorded in the score of Spain.How unto repetitive out, unto the very soulI live your barren soil and your rough stops, your stricken peopleHow in the depths of megrows the lost blossom outs of your villages, timeless, impossible to budge,your tracts of mineralsbulging same oldsters under the moon, devoured by an imbecile paragon.The poet brings out the harsh realities of life through various images. Fresh bloom of life that cannot be found, the lost flower of your villages continues to clamour in his mind. He is enraged that an idiot standardized god is punishing the acres that he cuts. Through the deep love for chilly he write downs to consider Spain as his mother destroy. When he witnessed the ruins of Machuchu Pichchu, his love for the gain became more in tense. His mourning for the Spains glorious past times is unmixed in the words our stricken people. Silence and isolation are repeated and cries of Taut and dry Spain, this idiomatic expression shows the core of his sensibility and the memories of war reminds him of the dull and loud sound of drums.In spite of the fertility of Spain the poet is more concerned about the inhabited of the land affected by the civil war and dictatorship. He is very much conscious of the Spanish soil aged by years of cheerfulness and of regions invades by various races.your harsh wine and your sweet wine. Your violent and overdelicate vineyards.S flavor of the sun, pure among territories,Neruda also mourns for his best friend Garcia Lorca and Miguel Hernandez, who died in the Spanish civil war. Spain veined with bloods and metals, blue and victorious, this clearly shows the accounting of king discoverers and the calamity of civil war which made him Republican and he uses his poetry as a weapon to f ight once morest the violence.The ordinary people of the society i.e, the common people are suppressed and their lifes plight is showcased clearly in the line labor movement of petals and bullets/ alone alive, somnolent, resounding. The people of fecund fertile land are depended on their daily labours their life is beautiful with the abhorrence of war in it.Opposition of ideas can be seen in the words sweet and harsh, in violent and delicate in petals and bullets these words confirms that Neruda is fighting against the suppression of proletariat He writes about a poor, but beautiful Spain, historically rich and glorious in the past, crushed and destroyed in the present. It is a fact that Pablo Neruda openly reacted to the contemporary political events in Spain and his own countrified that made him summaries his own life as followsI have had to fight and struggle, love and sign. I have had to see the breaking world, the triumph and the defeat. I tasted the bread and the blood. Wh at more can a poet want? And all the alternatives, from the songs to the kisses, from the solitude to the people, exist in my poetry, participate in it, because I have lives for my poetry, and my poetry has pro eagle-eyed me.Intense feeling for the colonised people is very much seen on with the re swear out to the social and political events in his mother country.Discoverers of cayenne is taken from Canto General, Nerudas the most important work. First, it was conceived as Canto General of Chile and later became the general song of the States, i.e., Canto General. The new practice of addressing to an audience, communicating with a group of people becomes more specific in Canto General, a collection of poesys that are often called epic verse forms of Chile. Published in 1950 and divided into fifteen sections, these poems tell the storey of Latin American people. Songs of Canto General were composed over 12 years, which are also considered years of militant Neruda. Many sectio ns of Canto General are give to workers and peasants whose homes and experiences the poet had shared so many times. fleck reading these poems one feels that these are the people who are lending their voice to his poetry. Through these poems Neruda explains how his people were loaded and exploited first by the conquerors and then by the dictators, the collection ends with an autobiographic account of him. Neruda celebrates the mysteries of sulphur America, its flora and fauna, and gazes with wonder at an antique elaboration that really belongs to pre-Columbian days.Discoverers of Chile is taken from Canto General, Nerudas the most essential work. To begin with, it was considered as Canto General of Chile and later turned into the general strain of America, i.e., Canto General. The new routine of tending to a crowd of people, speaking with a gathering of individuals turns out to be more particular in Canto General, an compendium of lyrics that are regularly called epic sonnets of Chile. Distributed in 1950 and isolated into fifteen segments, these ballads tell the story of Latin American individuals. Tunes of Canto General were made more than twelve years, which are additionally considered years of aggressor Neruda. Many segments of Canto General are devoted to laborers and workers whose homes and encounters the author had shared such a variety of times. While perusing these lyrics one feels that these are the general population who are loan their voice to his verse. Through these lyrics Neruda clarifies how his kin were persecuted and abused first by the winners and by and by by the despots, the gathering closes with a personal record of him. Neruda praises the riddles of South America, its greenery, and emotional states with question at an antique civilisation that truly has a place with pre-Columbian dayIn the first line poet discovers the memorial of the invaders, who they are and from where they come? The word north indicates European country mainly the Spain. The Spanish displume entered Chile under the commanding ship of Almagro (in some translation kinda of Almagro, pronoun he is used, he can be a suggestive of Pedro de Valdivia, who followed the travel plan of Diego de Almagro in 1541 and established the colony at Santiago). He may also indicate any or all of the conquerors of Chile.The Conquers entered into the land with gunshots. The poet calls his country as my thin country. The strong forces suppressed the small country Chile which suffered in silence.From the north Almagro brought his crushed ember And over the territory, between explosion and sundownThe poet uses various images to stress his point of suppression of the country like the Spaniard meeting with his dry figure shadows of thorn and coal covering it with mysterious kisses. Again, he personifies Chile as an old man with a white beard, which is real the foam from the sea.It is a veiled trace that his people couldnt hold out for a long period agai nst the powerful invaders and so were compelled to surrender, to conflate their own history and culture with that of their colonial masters.Neruda admits that the Spaniard did succeed in conquering his undetected territory that lay beyond the seas and in ruling over the unwarranted and yellow-glossed people of his land. They also succeeded in giving birth to a new civilisation that slowly and surely supplanted the old one of the native Indians like dropping the excrement (dung) by a sea-eagle that was hovering and circling above the sky.Neruda starts with the history of the Spanish settlers in Chile, enamoured as they were by tales of richness and of wealth. Thus, we have a land where coal covers it with mysterious kisses and grand burns, Silver illuminates. The vision emanates with light and colour contrasted by shades of darkness that only emphasises the relationship between the colonisers and the Indian people the vanquished, and again Chiles intrinsic relationship with Spa in. It is continuous Eurocentric history that is only displaced by the myth of creation, probably Amerindian, where the eagle drops a gaucherie of land in the sea and a country is born. Neruda describes his country in its actual physiological form, in simple phrase such as my thin country and silence lies in its long line. This stomachs an indirect suggestion that the people could not hold out against the powerful invaders and so were compelled to merge their own history and culture with that of the masters. The sea appears as a descriptive factors and as a person whose leatherneck beard all lifes follows.Neruda begins with the historical backdrop of the Spanish pilgrims in Chile, captivated as they were by stories of wastefulness and of riches. In this manner, we have a land where coal covers it with mysterious kisses and Gold burns , Silver illuminates . The symbolism radiates with light and shading differentiated by shades of dimness that lone accentuates the connection betw een the colonizers and the Indian individuals the vanquished, and again Chiles characteristic association with Spain. It is persistent Eurocentric history that is just uprooted by the myth of creation, likely Amerindian, where the hawk drops a segment of land in the nautical and a nation is conceived. Neruda portrays his nation in its real physical frame, in basic expression, for example, my thin country and silence lies in its long line. This contains an aberrant recommendation that the general population couldnt hold out against the effective intruders as were constrained to consolidate their own history and culture with that of the experts. The ocean shows up as distinct components and as a man whose marine beard all lifes takes after.Discovered in 1911 by the American adventurer Hiram Bingham, Macchu Picchu is an Inca stronghold in the Peruvian Andes near the modern city of Cuzco. slide fastener is known of its history and it appears that it was never discovered by the Spanis h Conquistadors. Bingham himself believed that the site was the last refuge of the Incas from the invading Spanish.In The Heights of Macchu Picchu, The poet meanders through the world as a empty net assembling nothing from the world. He dives his hand into the earth and finds the sulfurous peace of the world and its spent human springtime. Neruda asks what is the indestructible, the perpetual, life on the planet. The concentration shifts from the writer himself as he battles merely the world and he sees that the whole world is in a comparable circumstance. The artist depicts the lives of individuals on the planet as they battle with living. Every day people die their little deaths.many deaths comes to eachEvery day a little death.He climbs to Macchu Picchu as he climbs he gains an shrewdness into the history of the place.The stellar void of the final steps and the vertiginous spiralling roadHe thinks about the general population who lived there once. Presently the place is unfille d there is nobody in the land. He ponders who construct the city there whose remains are still there. He feels the vacancy, Today the sluggish air does not sob anymore. Neruda addresses the lost Incas of Peru you tumbled as in pre-winter to a solitary passing. He says that they live on in the stones of Macchu Picchu. Once the land is possessed by individuals yet now the land is vacant with its remnants. The land can be the casualty of misuse of colonizers. He feels for the grand past of the nation. He asks where is the man? among the uncovered stones. Did Macchu Picchu construct itself? Neruda needs to think about the general population who had once strolled the roads.He dives his hand into the earth a moment time and finds Man. At the point when the excited condor beats my sanctuaries I dont see the quick animal. Instead, I see the man of old. Now Neruda loses all association with his European past he is presently an American and his family relationship is with its indigenous indi viduals. Neruda addresses the local people groups, specifically the workers, weavers, bricklayers, and so forth. He requests that they lift to be conceived with me, my sibling. Neruda feels his own otherworldly resurrection and a resurrection of the dead individuals of the Americas. The poem ends bewilder to my body like magnets Hasten to my veins and to my mouthSpeak through my words and my blood.Nerudas Elementary Odes are also a mastery of expression and imagery where he raises useful but mundane objects to sublime heights. His poetry cultivates constraint of language and simplicity of technique and his purpose is to strip his writings of any distorted or complex factors that may impede the understanding of the subscriber. His tone is optimistic and positive, and Ode to the Tomato is a wonderful example of a poem that presents a pictorial description of a salad making to which a reader can add the more profound meaning culled from an American culture.In the poem Neruda uses th e image of love apple as a symbol of coloniser. This is very clearly seen in the lines,The street drowns in tomato noonsummar, light breaks in two tomato halvesand the street runwith juice.Here the poet uses the tomato to represent the invasion of Spanish and Portuguese colonial in South America. Tomato is the one of the major crops in Spain. So the poet indirectly symbolizes the Spanish people with tomato. And that the tomato spread all over the streets of Chile like the juice. When cut, the two/tomato/halves looks like the two hemispheres to which Chile and Spain belong, the only variety being that it is summer in Chile in December (as it belongs to the southern Hemisphere) and winter in Spain (as it belongs to the Northern Hemisphere).The coloniser doesnt need any permit to enter or occupy the land. That has been in the lines,the tomato cuts loose, invades kitchensSouth America is conquered, suppressed, exploited by the colonialism. The coloniser of Chile (Spanish people) ente rs into the kitchen of Chile peoples house and occupies their places without any proper permission from them.Each line of this poem is unusually short, containing no more than one to four words. The line structure causes the reader to look at the next and then the next line to complete the action that has begun, of preparation of the salad that is an essential part of the midday meal in both South American and European countries, especially Spain. Thus, Neruda starts with the season when the tomatoes fill the stalls of vegetables vendors and their colour, though not mentioned, instantly captures the attention. The two tomato halves are also reminiscent of the two hemispheres to which the countries Chile and Spain belong. It is not until the word December appears that we do that the summer the poet is speaking about is of course one and the same in Southern hemisphere. The fact that the tomato breaks its bounds and invades/kitchens remains us of another(prenominal) takeover of thei r lands and their culture by the Spanish colonisers who came in the wake of Columbus.Neruda brings the fork over of culinary delight to emphasize the union of two cultures. The Spanish people, who invaded Chile, uphold a relationship through marriage and by which there formed a mixture of culture of two races- the American (Red) Indians and the Europeans (Whites). This union is poetically explained in the linesbeds cheerfullywith the blonde onion, and to celebrateoilthe filial essence of the olive tree lets itself fallover its gapping hemispheres, the pimentoaddsits fragrance,salt its magnetism-The process of cooking aromatic salad mentioned in the poem indirectly speaks about the coalesce of one culture with the other. The line we have the days wedding suggests the image of colonisation.Of course, the salads bowl with its olive and pimentos also suggests a cheerful lending of Chilean and Spanish culture. In fact, the melting-pot culture of America has now been replaced by the co ncept of the salad bowl where all the colours can mix without any losing their maestro shape, form, individuality and identity.Neruda races ahead to the meal that beckons with its aromas. There is immediacy when he writes, its time Lets go there is celebration and joy in this meal. the festival/or ardent colour/and all-embracing freshness. It is a veritable joining of cultures, at least through the common denominator of food.Spanish colonization over Chile can be characterized as pilgrim colonization, wherein the colonizers blend with the colonized and the division between the two societies is obscured. The conquistadors took it on themselves to be a piece of the foundation and not disparage the status of the colonized. They shared culture, dialect and wound up perceptibly one with the occupants of their settlement. This is one reason why Nerudas verse does not contain any contempt towards Spain. This is especially apparent in the words like a goodly majesty, we have the days / we dding. There is no impending vibe towards the colonizers of any sort. Neruda considers himself to be an epitome of the Spanish culture, as the writer of damaged human nobility who brings alive a landmass unavoidableness and dreams According to Jaime Alazraki, Neruda is not simply chronicling verifiable occasions but rather re-translating them with an unmistakable standpoint of history. Hes glancing back at American pre-history and analyzing the lands rich, normal legacy.Postcolonial literature often focuses on the suppression, oppression, identity crisis, alienation, and cultural identity etc, faced by the natives of the colonised land. But the poems of Neruda present the theme of post colonialism in a different way, here though the atrocities of colonisers are portrayed he never hates them, instead celebrates the alter of culture.The Way Spain Was records the sufferings of people recorded in the history of Spain as a colony through many harsh images. The land blessed with nature s bounty was destroyed in the civil war. He traces the history of Spain the present invaders were once invaded by many. Through many opposing images the horror of war and the plight of the affected people are portrayed effectively.Discoverers of Chile brings out the pain of suppressed people under the rule of dictators. As a historian he discovers the past glory of the thin country and also its invaders. Silent sufferings of the native people and how they are compelled to merge culturally with the invaders are resented in this short poem in an emphatic manner.In The Heights of Macchu Picchu though he describes the beauty of the landscape he is in search of the lost identity and the glorious past of the place. Now there is no man and he investigates where he has gone? The ruins found in the place give a hint to the colonial invasion.In the poem Ode to The Tomatoes his love for the Spanish and Chilean collaboration is very much evident when he tells about the process of cooking salads . As he aromatically describes the mingling of different ingredients in the preparation of salad, his love for the mixed culture and the coloniser can be clearly seen.